Publilius Syrus

Who is Publilius Syrus?

Publilius Syrus, a Latin writer of maxims, flourished in the 1st century BC. He was a Syrian who was brought as a slave to Italy, but by his wit and talent he won the favour of his master, who freed and educated him. Publilius' name, due to early medieval palatalization of 'l' between two 'i', is often presented by manuscripts in corrupt form as 'Publius'.

His mimes, in which he acted himself, had a great success in the provincial towns of Italy and at the games given by Caesar in 46 BC. Publilius was perhaps even more famous as an improviser, and received from Caesar himself the prize in a contest in which he vanquished all his competitors, including the celebrated Decimus Laberius.

All that remains of his works is a collection of Sentences, a series of moral maxims in iambic and trochaic verse. This collection must have been made at a very early date, since it was known to Aulus Gellius in the 2nd century AD. Each maxim consists of a single verse, and the verses are arranged in alphabetical order according to their initial letters. In the course of time the collection was interpolated with sentences drawn from other writers, especially from apocryphal writings of Seneca; the number of genuine verses is about 700. They include many pithy sayings, such as the famous "iudex damnatur ubi nocens absolvitur" adopted as its motto by the Edinburgh Review.

Famous Quotes:

• He who has lost honor can lose nothing more.
• The prompter the refusal, the less the disappointment.
• It is his nature, not his standing, that makes the good man.
• One is not exposed to danger who, even when in safety is always on their guard.
• No one knows what he can do till he tries.
• There is no medicine to cure hatred.
• Treat your friend as if he might become an enemy.
• The empire of custom is most mighty.
• An angry father is most cruel toward himself.
• To confess a fault freely is the next thing to being innocent of it.