Qazhyghumar Shabdanuly

Who is Qazhyghumar Shabdanuly?

Qazhyghumar Shabdanuly is a Kazakh Chinese political activist and an author writing in Kazakh language. For more than forty years, Shabdanuly was imprisoned by the People's Republic of China for his political views.

Shabdanuly was born in 1925 in the village of Tansyq in Eastern Kazakhstan, then in the Soviet Union. Soon, the family fled from the famine of 1932-1933 to Xinjiang. Shabdanuly's problems with Chinese law began during the 1944 Xinjiang uprising. During the Cultural Revolution Shabdanuly participated in a nationalist Kirghiz-Kazakh Society. In 1958 he was arrested and imprisoned for both "left wing" and "ultra right" political activities. He was sentenced to 22 years and served if full-time in Tarim camps in Taklamakan Desert. Shabdanuly was released in 1980, and in 1982 published the first volume of his opus magnum, Qylmys, in Ürümqi. The second volume was printed in 1985. The third and the fourth volumes were already set for printing when Shabdanuly was arrested again. This time he was charged with running a Kazakh separatist organization and feeding intelligence to Kazakhstan. Shabdanuly was sentenced to thirteen years and again served the full term in Ürümqi jail.