Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Military Commander

1881 – 1938

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Who was Mustafa Kemal Atatürk?

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was a Turkish army officer in the Ottoman military, revolutionary statesman, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey. His surname, Atatürk, was granted to him in 1934 and forbidden to any other person by the Turkish parliament.

Atatürk was a military officer during World War I. Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, he led the Turkish national movement in the Turkish War of Independence. Having established a provisional government in Ankara, he defeated the forces sent by the Allies. His military campaigns led to victory in the Turkish War of Independence. Atatürk then embarked upon a program of political, economic, and cultural reforms, seeking to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern, secular, and democratic nation-state. Under his leadership, thousands of new schools were built, primary education was made free and compulsory, and women were given equal civil and political rights, while the burden of taxation on peasants was reduced. The principles of Atatürk's reforms, upon which modern Turkey was established, are referred to as Kemalism.

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Born
May 19, 1881
Thessaloniki
Also known as
  • Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
  • Mustafa Kemal
  • Gazi Mustafa Kemal
  • Ata
  • Mustafa Efendi
  • Mustafa Kemal Efendi
  • Mustafa Kemal Bey
  • Mustafa Kemal Pasha
  • Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
  • Büyük Önder
Parents
Siblings
Spouses
Children
Religion
  • Islam
  • Atheism
Ethnicity
  • Turkish people
Nationality
  • Turkey
Profession
Education
  • High school, Monastir Military High School
    (1896 - )
  • Ottoman Military College
    (1902/02/10 - 1905/01/11)
  • Turkish Military Academy
    (1899/03/14 - 1902)
Lived in
  • Thessaloniki
Died
Nov 10, 1938
Dolmabahçe Palace
Resting place
Anıtkabir

Submitted
on July 23, 2013

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