Exile and death of Pedro II of Brazil

Who was Exile and death of Pedro II of Brazil?

The monarchist reaction after the fall of the empire "was not small, and even less so its repression." The "new regime suppressed with swift brutality and total disdain for civil liberties all attempts to launch a monarchist party or to publish monarchist newspapers." Soon after several popular riots in protest against the coup occurred as well as battles between monarchist Army troops and republican militias. Those were followed by a civil war in which monarchist military and politicians tried to restore the empire in the Federalist Revolution and the Second Navy Rebellion. The last monarchist rebellion occurred in 1904, in what was called the Vaccine Revolt.

On 23 November 1891, Pedro II appeared at the French Academy of Sciences for the last time to participate in an election. The following morning, he dispassionately noted in his diary the news that the dictator Deodoro da Fonseca had resigned: "10:30. Deodoro has quit." He soon afterwards took a long drive in an open carriage along the Seine, even though it was a very cold day. He felt ill after returning to the Hôtel de Bedford that evening. The illness progressed into pneumonia during the following days. There was no celebration of the anniversary of his birth on 2 December, with the exception of a simple mass said while he remained in bed, and his daughter, son-in-law and grandchildren in attendance. However, he later received several French and Brazilian visitors who had come to offer birthday congratulations.