Fernando Primo de Rivera, 1st Marquis of Estella

Who was Fernando Primo de Rivera, 1st Marquis of Estella?

Don Fernando Primo de Rivera y Sobremonte, 1st Marqués of Estella, 12th Count of Peña Vélez, 17th Count of Torres Rovellas, 23rd Count of Sobremonte was a Spanish politician, and soldier.

Fernando Primo de Rivera was son of Antonio Hermenegildo Primo de Rivera y Sobremonte, 22nd Count of Sobremonte and his wife Ana María de Torres Rovellas y Peña Vélez; she was daughter of Miguel de Torres Rovellas y Peña Vélez, 13th Count of Torres Rovellas, 8th Marquis of Peña Vélez. His grandfather was Bértrand Primo de Rivera, 21st Count of Sobremonte: he was a Spanish general under the Spanish Resistance against Napoleon Bonaparte; his maternal great-great-great-great-grandfather was Carlos de Torres Rovellas, 12th Count of Torres Rovellas, governor of Quito. His ancestor was Fernando de Rivera, I Count of Sobremonte a knight of German origins.

He served in several wars, including the 1848 and 1866 Madrid insurrections and the second Carlista War. When forces under his command in the second Carlist War captured Estella, he was named Marquess of Estella. He was the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines from 1880 to 1883.