Arthur Hill

Who was Arthur Hill?

Arthur Hill was an English animal impersonator for theatre. Hill’s most famous role was as the Cowardly Lion in The Wizard of Oz.

Hill began his career performing animals in pantomimes. Among his roles were the wolf in Little Red Riding Hood, the bear in Valentine and Orson and the cat in Dick Wittington. Hill’s animal impersonations became very popular and in 1902 he was offered the role of the Cowardly Lion in the original production of The Wizard of Oz, written by L. Frank Baum, who also wrote the book of the same name.

However, unlike the original book the Lion was not a central character and was reduced to a bit part. He was also much more animalistic, as he did not speak. His quest for courage was also deleted. Despite this Hill still earned critical acclaim and his performance was highly popular.

Hill said that the lion was the most strenuous role he ever had to play, as the costume was so heavy and elaborate. The costume weighed eighty pounds and was said to be modelled on a study of a lion’s head by Rosa Bonheur. The costume consisted of two pieces a head & mane section and a body section that was made from a real lion skin Hill was given limited visibility be peering through the lion’s mouth which was opened by pulling a string. Strings also operated the eyes, ears and tongue. The sound of roaring was created by an offstage stagehand that rubbed a piece of resin up and down a stout cord fastened at one end to the centre of a drumhead stretched over a barrel.