Adam Watson

Who was Adam Watson?

John Hugh "Adam" Watson was a British International relations theorist and researcher. Alongside Hedley Bull, Martin Wight, Herbert Butterfield, and others, he was one of the founding members of the English school of international relations theory.

He was educated at Rugby and King's College, Cambridge. As an undergraduate at Cambridge, where he read History, Watson was taught by Herbert Butterfield. After a period of travel in central Europe, in the late 1930s, he joined the British Diplomatic Service in 1937. During the Second World War he acted as a liaison with the Free French in Cairo, played an unknown role in the Balkans, based in Bucharest, and was finally posted to Moscow, where he witnessed the victory celebrations of 1945, standing alongside the Soviet Politburo and where he remained for the next four years.

In 1949, he joined the Foreign Office's new 'Information Research Department', which the historian Richard Aldrich has described as a 'covert political warfare section', as successor to the 'Political Warfare Executive' that had operated during the Second World War. A key figure in this organisation, he was first assistant to its Head, Ralph Murray, with the job of recruiting 'left-of-centre intellectuals' for the production of anti-communism 'grey' propaganda, and was later posted to Washington. In the USA he served as Britain's 'psywar [psychological warfare] liaison officer' in Washington between 1950 and sometime in the mid-1950s, before becoming Head of the African Department of the Foreign Office during the Suez Crisis of 1956. He served as Her Majesty's Ambassador to Mali, Senegal, Mauritania and Togo, and finally Cuba. He returned to London in 1966 to spend two years as Assistant Under-Secretary of State at the Foreign Office before retiring early. After a period with British Leyland in the late 1960s, he entered academia, first at the Australian National University, at the invitation of Hedley Bull, and then in the United States, where he was Professor of International Studies at the University of Virginia.